Idasindikizidwa koyamba Lachiwiri, Okutobala 19, 2010, 12:10 pm mu Chijeremani pa www.letztercountdown.org

Gawo lachiwiri la Shadow Series lithana ndi nkhani ziwiri zomwe, poyang'ana koyamba, sizikuwoneka ngati zaulosi kwambiri. Koma, monga tidzazindikira posachedwa, izi zili choncho poyang'ana koyamba.

Nkhani yoyamba yomwe idzapereke chakudya chokwanira cha kulingalira ndi vuto lomwe nthawi ino silimakhudza Adventism yokha komanso dziko lonse lachikhristu ndipo limakhudza kutsutsana koonekera mu Mauthenga Abwino. Izo zikugwirizana ndi phwando la Paskha, ndipo m'malingaliro mwanga, ziyenera kufotokozedwa tisanapitirize kuphunzira maphwando ndi mitundu yawo ndi zophiphiritsira. Chidziŵitso cholongosoka chokha cha ukulu ndi mmene madyerero a m’nyengo ya masika anakwaniritsidwa pa kubwera koyamba kwa Yesu kungatipatse ife chidziŵitso cha mmene tiyenera kumvetsetsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa mapwando a m’dzinja amene akali m’tsogolo. Madyerero a m’dzinja ayenera kukwaniritsidwa mofanana ndi maphwando a masika pa nthawi yobweranso kwa Ambuye wathu. Izi zidanenedwa ndi Ellen G. White motere:

izi mitundu zidakwaniritsidwa, osati za chochitika chokha, koma za nthawiyo. Pa tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi la mwezi woyamba wa Chiyuda, tsiku lomwelo ndi mwezi umene Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha anaphedwa kwa zaka mazana khumi ndi zisanu, Kristu, atadya Paskha ndi ophunzira Ake, anayambitsa phwando limene linali lokumbukira imfa yake monga “Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu, amene achotsa uchimo wa dziko lapansi.” Usiku womwewo Iye anatengedwa ndi manja oipa kuti apachikidwe ndi kuphedwa. Ndipo monga fanizo za mtolo woweyula Ambuye wathu anaukitsidwa kwa akufa pa tsiku lachitatu, “zipatso zoyamba za iwo akugona,” chitsanzo cha olungama onse oukitsidwa, amene “thupi loipa” lidzasinthidwa, ndi “kufanizidwa ndi thupi Lake laulemerero.” Ndime 20; Afilipi 3:21 . Momwemonso zoimira zomwe zikukhudzana ndi kudza kwachiwiri ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa pa nthawi yosonyezedwa mu utumiki wophiphiritsa. {GC 399.3}

Kutanthauzira kwamakono kwa ulosi nthawi zonse kumazikidwa pa kuzindikira kukwaniritsidwa kwa mbiri yakale kwa ulosi, chifukwa mbiri imadzibwereza yokha. Ngati timvetsetsa mbiri yakale molondola, tatenga sitepe lofunika kwambiri kuti timvetsetse zam'tsogolo, chifukwa tikhoza kulingalira kuchokera ku zofananira zomwe mitundu yake yakwaniritsidwa kale.

M'nkhani yachiwiri ya gawo ili lachiwiri la Shadow Series, tidzayesa kusanthula nsembe za maphwando m'njira zomwe sizinachitikepo, potengera kuchuluka kwake komanso tanthauzo lake. Mpaka pano tikungomvetsa kuti nsembe zonse zinkaloza kwa Yesu. Ngakhale kuti izi ndi zoona mosatsutsika, sizinayambe zafufuzidwa (osapambana), tanthauzo lake linali la chiwerengero chokhazikika cha ng'ombe, ana a nkhosa, nkhosa zamphongo ndi kuchuluka kwa zopereka za chakudya zogwirizana zomwe zinalembedwa m'malamulo a mwambo. Timadziwa matanthauzo amtundu uliwonse wa nsembe zokha, koma osati tanthauzo la kuchuluka kwake. Padzakhalanso kuwala kwatsopano kwa owerenga akhama a maphunziro ozama kwambiri awa omwe ali ndi dalitso lapadera kwa 144,000.

Choncho, tiyeneranso kudziyendetsa tokha ku nthawi ya chaka chovuta kwambiri cha AD 31 ndikuwerenga molondola zomwe Mauthenga Abwino amatiuza za Yesu ndi m'mene adakwaniritsira maphwando a masika, omwe anali chithunzithunzi chaulosi cha kupachikidwa kwake ndi kuukitsidwa kwake, ndi zina zambiri.

Bwererani ku Phwando la Paskha

Panthawiyi, makina athu a nthawi amayenera kuyenda mtunda wautali kwambiri; tiyenera kupitilira zaka 3500 kuti tizindikire magwero a phwando la Paskha. Monga tikudziwira, Pasika anakhazikitsidwa pamene Aisiraeli anamasulidwa ku ukapolo ku Iguputo. Chochitika chimene chiyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi phwando lililonse la Paskha pambuyo pake chinachitika usiku wa mliri wa 10, pamene mngelo wa imfa anadza ndi kukantha ana oyamba kubadwa a Aigupto. Aisrayeli okhawo amene anamvera malangizo aumulungu a kupha mwana wankhosa wa Paskha, atapaka mafelemu a zitseko zawo ndi mwazi wa mwana wankhosa madzulo aja, ndiwo anapulumuka ku mliriwo.

Zochitika ndi malangizowa zafotokozedwa mu Chaputala 12 cha Genesis. Tiyeni tiwerenge mavesi ena kuti timvetsetse momwe malamulowa adatsogolera ku zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana za masika, kotero kuti potsirizira pake tipeze chithunzithunzi cha zikondwererozo ndi mtundu wawo ndi zofananira. Mudzawona kuti nkhani zina sizimamveka bwino monga momwe timakhulupirira. Choncho, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira mwadongosolo.

Ndipo a Yehova analankhula ndi Mose ndi Aroni m’dziko la Aigupto, kuti, ( Eksodo 12:1 )

Kufunika kwa malamulowa kukugogomezera chifukwa Yehova mwini akulankhula mwachindunji ndi Mose:

izi Mwezi adzakhala kwa inu chiyambi cha miyezi: uzikhala kwa inu mwezi woyamba wa chaka. ( Eksodo 12:2 )

Liwu loti mwezi linali “hodesh”—monga tinaphunzira m’gawo loyambali—limene limatanthauza “mwezi” mwachitsanzo kacepa koyamba. Choncho, Mulungu anakhazikitsa chiyambi cha chaka ndi mwezi woyamba "Nissan". Miyezi ina yonse ya pachaka idadalira izi, moteronso kutsimikiza kwa mapwando a m’dzinja m’mwezi wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Tidakhala gawo lonse loyamba la Shadow Series kuti tipeze kumvetsetsa bwino kwa liwu limodzi laling'ono "hodesh" ndikuganizira momwe chiyambi cha chaka chidatsimikiziridwa. Tiyenera kuchita ndendende. Izi zimandikumbutsa njira yophunzirira Baibulo ya Miller; adapita patsogolo pa ndime yotsatira pokhapo pamene adakhulupirira kuti adamvetsetsa bwino lomwe lidali patsogolo pake.

Pakadali pano, ndikufuna kunena kuti mawu oyamba a mwezi woyamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'Baibulo si "Nissan". Poyambirira, mwezi woyamba unkatchedwa “Abibu” ndi Mulungu m’mabuku a Mose ( Eksodo 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Deuteronomo 16:1 ). Abibu amatanthauza “kukhwima” ndipo zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti kutsimikiza kwa mwezi woyamba wachiyuda kunkadalira kukhwima kwa mbewu zoyamba, zomwe ndi balere, chifukwa dzina la mweziwo limasonyeza.

Mawu omaliza oti chaka chikuyamba kapena ayi, adadalira Mulungu, amene amakhwimitsa zokolola zonse, ndipo sanadalire dzuwa kapena nyengo yachilimwe. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, chipembedzo cha Aigupto chinali chodalira dzuŵa kotheratu, ndipo Mulungu anafotokozera Mose kusiyana kwakukulu. Anthu a Mulungu ayenera kudalira Mulungu wawo, osati padzuwa, ndipo zimenezi ziyenera kuwonedwa kale m’kutsimikiza kwa chiyambi cha chaka chawo.

Liwu lakuti “Nisani” la mwezi woyamba linagwiritsiridwa ntchito koyamba ndi Nehemiya ndi Estere pambuyo pa ukapolo ku Babulo, kumene anatengedwa. Zoyipa kwambiri kuti ngakhale ife timagwiritsa ntchito "Nissan" m'malo mwa "Abibu" pafupifupi tikamalankhula za mwezi woyamba wachiyuda, chifukwa potero timagwiritsa ntchito dzina lachibabeloni osati mawu achiyuda oyambilira, motero timagwera mosavuta mumsampha wa olambira mwezi omwe safuna kuvomereza kuti kuyesa kukolola balere kunali gawo lofunikira la mithunzi ya mapemphero a Ayuda. Ndikunong'oneza bondo kuti ndisungenso kalembedwe kameneka chifukwa zolemba zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ndikufuna kupewa chisokonezo. Sitiyenera kuiŵala, komabe, kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuyesa kukolola barele kungawonekere kale m’dzina la Baibulo la mweziwo!

Tsopano, tiyeni tionenso malamulo ndi mitundu ya zikondwerero za masika:

Mtundu, Wosavuta Kuyiwalika

Nena ndi khamu lonse la Israyeli, ndi kuti, + Pa tsiku lakhumi la mwezi uno aliyense azitengera mwana wa nkhosa, monga mwa nyumba ya makolo ao, mwanawankhosa pa nyumba imodzi: ( Eksodo 12:3 )

Apa tikupeza nthawi yoyamba malangizo omwe akuyimira mtundu wa Khristu. Inde, tikudziwa kuti mwanawankhosa akuimira Yesu. + Mwana wa nkhosa anali ataikidwa kale pambali pa tsiku la 10 la mwezi woyamba, ndipo anapatulidwa ndi ziweto zake.

Koma anaphedwa liti? Tiyeni tiwerenge...

Ndipo ngati banja lili laling'ono kwa mwanawankhosa, iye ndi mnansi wake pafupi ndi nyumba yake atengeko monga mwa kuwerenga kwa anthu; yense monga momwe amadyera muwerengere mwana wa nkhosa. Mwanawankhosa wanu akhale wopanda chilema, wamphongo wa chaka chimodzi; azisunga kufikira tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi la mwezi womwewo: ndipo khamu lonse la khamu la Israyeli liuphe madzulo. ( Eksodo 12:4-6 )

Mwana wa nkhosa (kaya nkhosa kapena mbuzi) anali kuikidwa pambali, kupatulidwa ndi nkhosa zake, ndipo madzulo a tsiku la 14 la mwezi woyamba ankaphedwa. Inde, tikumvetsetsa kuti iyenera kukhala yopanda chilema, chifukwa Yesu monga woyimira analibe chilema (wopanda uchimo). Ndipo mwana wankhosa yekha ndi amene akanaimira kugonana koyenera kwa Mwana wa Mulungu.

Ndinakhala mlimi Pakatikati pa moyo wanga, ndipo nzoona kuti uli pafupi ndi Mulungu kumidzi kusiyana ndi mumzinda. Mbali yaikulu ya Baibulo mumaimvetsa bwino lomwe kokha ngati mumagwirizana ndi chilengedwe ndi zinyama. Kaŵirikaŵiri tiyenera kulekanitsa mwana wa ng’ombe ndi amake, mwina chifukwa chakuti mayiyo akudwala kapena chifukwa chakuti mwana wa ng’ombe wasiya kuyamwa. Sizoyeneranso kukhala ndi mwana wa ng'ombe ndi amayi usiku wonse, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mkaka watsopano m'mawa, chifukwa mwinamwake, mwana wa ng'ombe amakaka mkaka musanachite. Komanso nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mwana wa ng’ombe amangoyenda kutali ndi ziweto n’kukhala m’malo athu odyetserako ziweto chifukwa sakupeza njira yobwerera, ndipo madzulo amasowa popita ku khola. Zomwe zimachitika ndiye, mutha kulingalira pokhapokha ngati mwakumanapo ndi izi. Ana a ng’ombe ayamba kulira. Amakuwa ndi kulira usiku wonse, ndipo pokhapokha atazolowera pang'onopang'ono njirazi, kukuwa ndi kulira kumachepa mpaka kutha. Nthaŵi zambiri timafufuza m’nkhalango kwa maola ambiri mumdima wandiweyani kuti tipeze mwana wa ng’ombe. Kulekanitsa mwana wa ng’ombe kutatsala masiku 4 kuti “aphedwe” kunadzetsa mavuto aakulu kwa nyamazo, ndipo mapeto ake ndi omvetsa chisoni kwambiri. N’cifukwa ciani zimenezi zinacitika motere? Kodi chinachitika nchiyani kuti chikwaniritse mtundu wa kulekanitsa kwankhanza kumeneku kwa mwana wa ng’ombe ndi nkhosa zake zokondedwa, ndipo kodi zimenezi zinasonyezedwa motani mu mlungu wachisoni wa Mpulumutsi wathu?

Apanso, Ellen G. White amatipatsa yankho…limene titha kulipeza mwa ife tokha powerenga Baibulo mozama. Mu Mutu 63 mu Chilakolako cha Mibadwo, akufotokoza za kulowa kwaulemerero kwa Ambuye wathu mu Yerusalemu. Tiyeni tiwerenge mawu ofunikira awa:

M’moyo wake wapadziko lapansi Yesu anali asanalolepo chionetsero choterocho. Iye anaoneratu zotsatira zake. Izo zikanamubweretsa Iye pa mtanda. Koma chinali cholinga Chake kotero poyera kuti adziwonetse yekha ngati Muomboli. Iye ankafuna kuti atchule za nsembe imene inayenera kuika chisoti cha utumiki wake ku dziko lakugwa. Pamene anthu anali kusonkhana ku Yerusalemu kudzachita Paskha. Iye, Mwanawankhosa wophiphiritsira, mwa kuchita modzifunira anadzipatula Yekha ngati nsembe. Zikadakhala zofunikira kuti mpingo wake mu mibado yonse yotsatira upangitse imfa yake chifukwa cha machimo adziko lapansi kukhala phunziro lozama ndi kuphunzira. Mfundo iliyonse yokhudzana ndi izi iyenera kutsimikiziridwa mosakayikira. Pamenepo, kunali koyenera kuti maso a anthu onse aloze kwa Iye; zochitika zomwe zidatsogolera nsembe Yake yayikulu ziyenera kukhala zokopa chidwi ku nsembeyo. Pambuyo pa chionetsero choterocho monga cha kupezeka Kwake kulowa mu Yerusalemu, maso onse akatsatira kupita Kwake kofulumira mpaka ku chochitika chomaliza. {Wolemba DA 571.2}

Mwanawankhosa wolira wolekanitsidwa ndi amake ndi nkhosa, akuimira Yesu, amene anadzipatula yekha kwa anthu ake monga nsembe. Zimene zinachitika—monga nkhanza za nyama m’lingaliro la ena—ndithudi chifaniziro cha Ambuye wathu amene anavutika chifukwa cha ife. Kuvutika Kwake ndi misozi Yake zinali zitayamba kale pa tsiku limene Iye mwachionekere analowa mu Yerusalemu mwachipambano. Koma m’malo mosangalala, anakhetsa misozi yake yonse chifukwa cha anthu amene ankafuna kupha Mpulumutsi wawo. Fano lokongola, ndipo ngati Ayuda akanaphunzira bwinopo mitundu ya madyerero awo, ndiye kuti akadamvetsetsa chifukwa chake masiku anayi Paskha isanafike, kamwana ka nkhosa m’nyumba zawo kakalirira kale moŵaŵa nkhosa zake. Mwachiyembekezo, izo sizidzachitika kwa ifenso, chifukwa maphwando akugwa ndi zoimira zomwe sizinakwaniritsidwebe, ndipo ziyenera kuphunziridwabe.

Mu Ndemanga Yathu Yabaibulo pa Eksodo 12:3, palibe chizindikiro cha mtundu kapena choyimira chomwe chikanakwaniritsidwa pano. Zikungonenedwa kuti zokonzekera Paskha ziyenera kuyamba masiku anayi m'mbuyomo.

Ndi chifukwa chabwino, akatswiri athu a Adventist sanena zambiri za izi—chifukwa tili ndi vuto lina. Ndipo kachiwiri, ndi Ellen G. White, yemwe ali mwachiwonekere osatha kuwerenga masiku.

Tiyeni tilingalire bwino. Tikudziwa tsopano kuchokera ku gawo loyamba la Shadow Series, kuti Yesu anafadi pa May 25, AD 31, Lachisanu. Apa n’zoonekeratu kuti tsikuli linali la Nisani 14, chifukwa Pasika nthawi zonse amakhala pa tsiku la 14 la mwezi woyamba. Tiyeni tiwerenge chammbuyo. Ngati Lachisanu linali la 14, ndiye kuti Lachinayi linali la 13, Lachitatu pa 12, Lachiwiri pa 11 ndi Nissan 10 ndiye linali tsiku lachisanu. Lolemba la sabata ya kupachikidwa pa mtanda, May 21, AD 31.

Chani? Lolemba? Koma kodi kulowa mu Yerusalemu sikunali tsiku loyamba la sabata, Lamlungu!? Inde, ndipo izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi Ellen G. White kumayambiriro kwa mutu womwewo mu Chilakolako cha Mibadwo (tsamba 569) m’ndime yachitatu:

Zinali pa tsiku loyamba la sabata kuti Khristu analowa mu Yerusalemu mwachigonjetso. {Wolemba DA 569.3}

Ayi, osatinso! Choyamba, Ellen G. White akunena kuti Yesu analowa mu Yerusalemu Lamlungu ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo akunena kuti Iye ndi fanizo la kulekanitsidwa kwa nkhosa ya Paskha ku nkhosa pa tsiku la 10 la mwezi malinga ndi Eksodo 12:3. Ndipo tsiku la 10 ili linali a Lolemba!

Kodi mukumvetsa, abale, chifukwa chiyani akatswiri athu amakhala chete ndipo sitimva ulaliki kapena maphunziro okhudza nkhaniyi? Koma kodi mukuwonanso, momwe timawerengera mabuku otere a Ellen G. White? Timaliwerenga, koma sitiliganizira mozama ndi kuyesa zinthu. Komabe, akunena momveka bwino m'mawu am'mbuyomu:

Zikadakhala zofunikira kuti mpingo wake mu mibado yonse yotsatira upangitse imfa yake chifukwa cha machimo adziko lapansi kukhala phunziro lozama ndi kuphunzira. Mfundo iliyonse yokhudzana ndi izi iyenera kutsimikiziridwa mosakayikira. {Wolemba DA 571.2}

Tiyenera kuphunzira chilichonse kuti palibenso kukaikira kapena kusagwirizana, makamaka ponena za zochitika za kukwaniritsidwa kwa Yesu kwa madyerero a m’nyengo ya masika, chifukwa zonsezo ndi za nsembe Yake ya umunthu ndi moyo wathu wosatha wamtsogolo.

Kotero, ife mwachiwonekere tinapeza kutsutsana kwakukulu mu malingaliro a mawu ena a Mzimu wa Uneneri. Koma dikirani, pakali pano, ameneyo anali Ellen G. White basi! Tikapenda zimene zinachitika m’masiku a kuzunzika kwa Yesu, ngakhale Baibulo limatsutsidwa. Ndipo ndithudi, Baibulo limabwera pansi pa moto woopsa kotero kuti dziko lonse lachikhristu liri ndi vuto. Ndikufuna ndikuuzeni pasadakhale, komabe, kuti yankho lenileni la vuto la kusagwirizana kwa Paskha wa Mauthenga Abwino, ndi zomwe zimachitika sabata imeneyo ponena za Yesu, zidzathetsanso vuto la Ellen G. White ndi tsiku lakhumi.

Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha

Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha weniweniyo mwachiwonekere mtundu wofunika kwambiri wa Khristu, yomwe inazindikiridwa kale ndi mtumwi Paulo:

Chotsani chotupitsa chakale, kuti mukakhale mtanda watsopano, monga muli wopanda chotupitsa. Pakuti ngakhale Khristu Paskha wathu waperekedwa nsembe chifukwa cha ife: (1 Akorinto 5:7).

Tsopano, chonde werengani nokha lipoti lonse la malangizo a pa Ekisodo 12 amomwe mungasamalire nkhosa ya Paskha. Ziyenera kukhala "pitilizani” (amoyo) “kufikira tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi la mwezi womwewo; ndipo khamu lonse la khamu la Israele lidzapha madzulo. ( Eksodo 12:6 )

Ndipo atengeko mwazi, naupake pa mphuthu ziŵiri za m’mbali, ndi pa mphuthu ya pa khomo la nyumba zimene azidyeramo. Ndipo adye nyamayo usiku womwewo, yowotcha pamoto, ndi mkate wopanda chotupitsa; aziidya ndi zitsamba zowawa. ( Eksodo 12:7-8 )

Khristu ndiye Mwanawankhosa wathu wa Paskha. Aliyense amene wamulandira monga Mpulumutsi wake, ndipo motero m’lingaliro lophiphiritsa, anakantha nsanamira za chitseko chake (mtima wake) ndi mwazi Wake, adzadutsa mngelo wa imfa ndi kukhala ndi moyo kosatha.

Kodi Paskha ankayenera kuphedwa tsiku liti? Chonde, werengani lembalo mosamala kwambiri! Mosakayikira, muli ndi lingaliro lofanana ndi la Matchalitchi Achikristu onse—pa tsiku la 14, chifukwa chakuti Eksodo 12:6 imanena kuti “adzaphedwa madzulo a tsiku la 14.” Popeza timadziŵa kuti tsiku la Ayuda limayamba dzuŵa litaloŵa, timakhulupilila kuti nkhosa ya Pasika inali kudyedwa madzulo a tsiku la 15 (kumayambiriro kwa tsiku). Tiyeni tikumbukire izi: Dziko lonse lachikristu limazindikira kuti Paskha anaphedwa masana pa Nissan 14 ndipo ankadyedwa madzulo (Nissan 15 yachiyuda).

Lemba lina lomwe mwachiwonekere limatsimikizira lingaliro ili:

Ndipo ananyamuka ku Ramese mwezi woyamba; pa tsiku lakhumi ndi chisanu la mwezi woyamba; m'mawa mwake pambuyo pa Paskha ana a Israyeli anaturuka ndi dzanja lokwezeka pamaso pa Aaigupto onse. Pakuti Aaigupto anaika ana ao oyamba onse, amene Yehova anawakantha; ( Numeri 33:3-4 )

Mkate Wopanda Chotupitsa

Mtundu wina kapena makonzedwe ena a chikondwerero ndiwo phwando la masiku asanu ndi aŵiri la mkate wopanda chotupitsa. Tsiku loyamba laphwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa, tsiku lotsatira Paskha, Nissan 15, ndiponso tsiku lomaliza la chikondwererocho (Nissan 21) analengezedwa kukhala masiku amwambo a kupuma (masabata). Ndidzalemba manambala pa masabata amwambo kuti muwone kuchuluka kwake ndi zochitika zomwe zikugwirizana nazo. + Ndidzasankha manambala a masabata ochita mwambo mogwirizana ndi dongosolo la chikondwererocho.

Ndipo pa tsiku lakhumi ndi chisanu la mwezi womwewo ndiwo madyerero a mkate wopanda chotupitsa wa Yehova; masiku asanu ndi awiri muzidya mkate wopanda chotupitsa. Pa tsiku loyamba (1) muzikhala nako kusonkhana kopatulika; musamacita nchito ya masiku onse. Koma muzipereka kwa Yehova nsembe yamoto masiku asanu ndi awiri; pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri (2) ndi msonkhano wopatulika; musamacita nchito ya masiku onse. ( Levitiko 23:6-8 )

Chiyenera kukhala chikumbutso chosatha cha mkate wopanda chotupitsa umene ana a Israyeli anayenera kuukonza chifukwa chofulumira kuchoka ku Igupto.

Masiku asanu ndi awiri muzidya mkate wopanda chotupitsa; inde tsiku loyamba muzichotsa chotupitsa m’nyumba zanu; pakuti ali yense akadya mkate wa cotupitsa kuyambira tsiku loyamba kufikira tsiku lacisanu ndi ciwiri, munthuyo adzasadzidwa kwa Israyeli. Ndipo tsiku loyamba (1) pakhale msonkhano wopatulika, ndi tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri (2) kukhale msonkhano wopatulika kwa inu; sizidzachitidwa ntchito yamtundu uliwonse, koma imene munthu aliyense ayenera kudya, izi zichitike kwa inu nokha. Ndipo muzisunga madyerero a mkate wopanda chotupitsa; pakuti tsiku lomwelo ndinatulutsa makamu anu m’dziko la Aigupto; M'mwezi woyamba, tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi la mweziwo, madzulo, muzidya mkate wopanda chotupitsa, kufikira tsiku la makumi awiri ndi limodzi la mweziwo madzulo. Masiku asanu ndi awiri chisapezeke chotupitsa m’nyumba zanu; Musamadya chotupitsa chilichonse; m’nyumba zanu zonse muzidya mkate wopanda chotupitsa. ( Eksodo 12:15-20 )

Mulungu anafuna kusonyeza mwa izi kuti sipakanakhala ngakhale nthawi yodikira mpaka mtandawo utakhala ndi chotupitsa. Ndipo Iye akulankhula za tchimo, lophiphiritsidwa ndi chotupitsa. Kutuluka ku Igupto kumayimira ulendo wathu wa ku Igupto wauzimu, ngati tivomereza nsembe ya Yesu. Iye adzachotsa “chotupitsa” chonse pa moyo wathu. Izi sizikuphimba machimo okha, komanso ziphunzitso zonse zabodza za aphunzitsi onyenga omwe amatilepheretsa kulambira Ambuye wathu “m’choonadi”:

Kenako adazindikira kuti Iye adawauza kuti asachenjere chotupitsa cha mkate, koma chiphunzitso cha Afarisi ndi Asaduki. (Mateyu 16: 12)

Mulungu ndiye Mzimu: ndipo omlambira Iye ayenera kumlambira mumzimu ndipo m’choonadi. (John 4: 24)

Mtolo wa Zipatso Zoyamba

Tsiku lotsatira sabata loyamba lamwambo (1), tsiku loyamba la phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa, Nisani 15, liyenera kuchitidwa monga mwambo wapadera:

Nena ndi ana a Israyeli, nunene nao, Mukalowa m’dziko limene ndikupatsani, ndi kukolola dzinthu zake, muzibwera nayo mtolo wa zipatso zoyamba za zokolola zanu kwa wansembe: Ndipo aweyule mtolo pamaso pa Yehova, kuti ulandiridwe chifukwa cha inu; m'mawa mwake pambuyo pa sabata (1) wansembe aweyule. Ndipo muzipereka kwa Yehova tsiku limenelo pamene mukuweyula mtolowo, mwana wa nkhosa wopanda cilema, wa caka cimodzi, akhale nsembe yopsereza ya Yehova. ( Levitiko 23:10-12 )

Izi zinali pa Nissan 16 ndi anaimira kuuka kwa Yesu pa tsiku loyamba la sabata. Iye anali Zipatso Zoyamba za Onse Owuka:

Koma tsopano Khristu waukitsidwa kwa akufa, ndipo wakhala zipatso zoyamba a iwo akugona. Pakuti monga imfa inadza mwa munthu, kuuka kwa akufa kunadzanso mwa munthu. Pakuti monga mwa Adamu onse amwalira, koteronso mwa Khristu onse akhalitsidwa ndi moyo. Koma munthu aliyense mu dongosolo lake: Khristu ndi zipatso zoyamba; pambuyo pake iwo amene ali a Khristu pakufika kwake. ( 1 Akorinto 15:20-23 )

Masabata a Omeri ndi Pentekosti

Zoyiwalika mosavuta ndipo nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa ndi masabata asanu ndi awiri a mwambo omwe anayenera kuwerengedwa mpaka pa Pentekosti ndipo anayenera kusungidwa m'migawo yeniyeni ya masiku asanu ndi awiri enieni.

Ndipo mudzawerengera inu kuchokera mawa pambuyo pa sabata (1), kuyambira tsiku limene mudabwera nalo mtolo wa nsembe yoweyula; Zisanu ndi ziwiri masabata adzakhala angwiro: inde mpaka mawa pambuyo pa sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) muwerenge masiku makumi asanu; ndipo muzibwera nayo nsembe yaufa yatsopano kwa Yehova. ( Levitiko 23:15-16 )

Ayuda a ku Karaite amatcha ameneŵa kukhala masabata a Omeri. M’chigawo chachitatu, ndidzapereka ndandanda yeniyeni ya masabata ambiri ochita mwambowo ndi kuwaika m’dongosolo lawo la nthawi. Pa gawo lachiwiri ili la Shadow Series, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi mitundu ingati ndi maphwando omwe analipo konse.

Pentekosti inagwa pa tsiku lotsatira la sabata lomaliza la Omeri (7 × 7 + 1), tsiku la 50 pambuyo pa tsiku loyamba la chikondwerero cha mkate wopanda chotupitsa, ndipo phwando limeneli linalengezedwanso kuti ndi sabata lachikondwerero:

ndipo mulalikire tsiku lomwelo, kuti cicitike msonkhano wopatulika (10) musagwire ntchito yanthawi zonse m'menemo: likhale lemba losatha m’nyumba zanu zonse mwa mibadwo yanu. ( Levitiko 23:21 )

Ndizodziwikiratu kuti phwando la Pentekosti linali choyimira cha kutsanulidwa kwa Mzimu Woyera mu mvula yoyambirira, ndipo kuti masabata a Omeri amaimira nthawi yodikira mpaka pamenepo.

Ngati tiwonjezera phwando la Paskha ndi kuweyula mtolo wa zipatso zoyamba, zomwe sizinatchulidwe mwachindunji kuti ndi Sabata lamwambo, ku masabata khumi a maphwando a masika, timapeza nthawi zambiri. nambala 12 ya Pangano kachiwiri. Pa nthawiyi, chiwerengerochi chikugwirizana bwino ndi Pangano Latsopano limene Yesu adzakhazikitsa ndi magazi ake.

Tiyeni tibwererenso ku vuto lomwe ndidalengeza. Timamvetsetsa kale kuti ndi madyerero ati omwe anali mbali ya zikondwerero za masika: Paskha, phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa, nsembe ya mtolo woweyula wa zipatso zoyamba, sabata la Omeri, ndi Pentekosti. Timamvetsetsa ndendende—kotero timakhulupirira, osachepera—momwe maphwando ophiphiritsa awo, amene ali zonyezimira za ulendo wochokera ku Igupto, akwaniritsidwa mwangwiro mophiphiritsira, kuzunzika kwa Khristu, kuuka kwake, nthawi yoyembekezera Mzimu Woyera, ndi kutsanulidwa kwa Mzimu Woyera pa Pentekosti. Ndiye ndithudi sizikanakhala zovuta kwa ife kupanga tchati cha masiku ofunika kwambiri a chaka cha AD 31, pamene timasonyeza mu ndime imodzi zochitika zokhudza imfa ya Yesu monga momwe Baibulo limafotokozera, ndipo pa ndime ina, timasonyeza mbali zina za mapwando a masika. Tikuyembekeza kuti mizati yonse iwiri igwirizane bwino, chifukwa mtunduwo uyenera kufanana ndi chofanizira chake.

Choncho, tiyenera kubwereranso pamtanda, May 25, AD 31...

Usana ndi Usiku ndi Zisokonezo zambiri

Ndikufuna ndikudziwitseni tchati choyambirira chomwe timachipeza mu Adventist Bible Commentary yathu. Ndidazimanganso kuti ndizitha kuzimasulira m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, kukuthandizani m'nkhanizi pang'onopang'ono panjira yoyenera, kuti mumvetsetse bwino zomwe zikuchitika m'masiku olakalaka a Ambuye wathu.

Tiyenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a kalendala ndi momwe chiyambi cha tsiku chinafotokozedwera m'zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Chinthu chimodzi n’chakuti, tsiku limakhala ndi usiku ndi usana kapena usana ndi usiku. Ndipo kale apa, tikupeza kusiyana komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu ambiri kuti athandizire chiphunzitso cha sabata la mwezi. Ayuda ankaona kuyamba kwa tsiku madzulo dzuwa litalowa. Umu ndi momwe amvetsetsera nkhani ya chilengedwe ya m’Baibulo kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, ndipo ifenso tinatero mu Adventism, kufikira Laura Lee Jones, amene anayambitsa “bodza la Sabata la mwezi,” ndi wophunzira wake Sascha Stasch ku Germany “anabwera m’miyoyo yathu”. Koma zambiri pambuyo pake.

Ife mu dziko lathu “lamakono” taphunzitsidwa ndi apapa kuti timvetsetse pakati pausiku monga chiyambi cha tsiku. Kwa ife, ndizovuta "kuganiza" kugwiritsa ntchito zoyambira zamasiku ena chifukwa taphunzitsidwa motere kuyambira ubwana wathu. Chithunzi choyambirira chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa kuyambika kwamasiku awiriwa, ndipo mayina ofotokozera amasiku kuyambira kumapeto kwa Sabata la Passion ayikidwa pamenepo, monga tikumvetsetsa. “M” amatanthauza pakati pausiku (“Chiroma” chathu chiyambi cha tsiku) ndipo “S” chimaimira kuloŵa kwa dzuŵa (chiyambi chachiyuda cha tsiku).

Masiku achiyuda a mwezi woyamba amatchulidwa ndi Nissan 13 mpaka 17 ndipo masiku athu a sabata amatchulidwa ndi mayina omwe timawadziwa. Tsopano ndikulitsa pang'onopang'ono chithunzichi, kuti ndikupatseni kumvetsetsa kwamavuto omwe tiyenera kuwathetsa.

Tikudziwa kuchokera mu gawo loyamba kuti Yesu anafa pamtanda Lachisanu, May 25, AD 31 pa ola lachisanu ndi chinayi lomwe ndi 3 koloko masana m'nthawi yathu. Tiyeni tiwonjezere izi:

Tsopano tikuwona zochitika za masiku okhudzika monga zikulongosoledwa ndi Mauthenga Abwino anayi. Chochitika chilichonse chinapatsidwa nambala yotengedwa patebulo la patsamba 201 la English Bible Commentary, Voliyumu 5. Manambala ameneŵa amalozera ku mavesi a m’Baibulo oyenerera a Mauthenga Abwino anayi, amene amatiuza nthaŵi yeniyeni imene chochitikacho chinachitika mkati mwa Sabata la Kuvutika. Izi zidachitika ngati thandizo la maphunziro anu.

Pano pali tebulo la zochitika kuchokera mu kawonedwe ka Yesu ndi ophunzira ake, monga momwe Mauthenga Abwino amatiuzira:

Mpaka pano, zonse zikadali zomveka komanso zabwino, koma tebulo ili linawonjezedwa ku Ndemanga yathu ya Baibulo pofuna kusonyeza, moona mtima kotheratu, vuto limene limakhalapo pamene munthu ayesa kugwirizanitsa zochitika zimenezi ndi ndondomeko ya phwando la Paskha la Ayuda, lomwe kwenikweni ndilo mtundu wa zochitika zonsezi zozungulira kupachikidwa kwa Yesu ndi kuukitsidwa kwake.

Vuto Losathetsedwa la Chikhristu Chonse

The Bible Commentary imasonyeza pamzere wapamwamba ulendo wa Paskha, monga momwe Chikhristu chimaganizira. Ndipo posachedwapa, tidzawona kusiyana pakati pa mtundu ndi choyimira. Pa tchati chotsatirachi, zochitika za chikondwererochi zikusonyezedwa m’njira imene pafupifupi Akristu onse amakhulupilira kuti phwando la Paskha lachizolowezi linkachitika:

Mwachiwonekere, Akristu onse amavomereza pa izi—ndipo tidzawona posachedwa kuti uku ndi kulakwa—kuti imfa ya Yesu pamtanda ndi kuphedwa kwa mwana wankhosa wa Paskha kunachitika panthaŵi imodzi, motero choimira ndi chophiphiritsira chikanakwaniritsidwa. Tiyeni tikumbukire chomwe mtunduwo unali:

Mwanawankhosa wanu akhale wopanda chilema, wamphongo wa chaka chimodzi; muzimchotsa pa nkhosa, kapena pa mbuzi; ndipo muzimsunga kufikira tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi la mwezi womwewo; Ndipo atengeko mwazi, naupake pa mphuthu ziŵiri za m’mbali, ndi pa mphuthu ya pa khomo la nyumba zimene azidyeramo. ( Eksodo 12:5-7 )

Tonse tikuvomereza kuti Yesu ndiye Mwanawankhosa weniweni wa Paskha! Palibe kukaikira. Nanga vuto lili kuti?

Vuto Lalikulu Kwambiri

Gome lomwe lili pamwambapa ndi lofanana ndendende ndi momwe likusonyezedwera mu Adventist Bible Commentary yathu. Idasindikizidwa kuti iwonetse kutsutsana kwakukulu pakati pa Mauthenga Abwino atatu oyamba ndi Uthenga Wabwino wa Yohane. Mauthenga Abwino atatu oyambirira amafotokoza motere:

Tsopano tsiku loyamba la phwando la mikate yopanda chotupitsa ophunzira anadza kwa Yesu, nanena kwa Iye, Mufuna tikakonzere kuti Paskha kuti mukadye? Ndimo nanena, Mukani ku mzinda kwa muntu wakuti, ndimo kunena ndi ie, Mpunzitsi anena, Ntawi yanga yafika; Ndidzadya Paskha kwanu pamodzi ndi ophunzira anga. Ndipo wophunzira adachita monga Yesu adawalamulira; ndipo adakonza Paskha. Ndipo pakufika madzulo, anakhala pansi pamodzi ndi khumi ndi awiriwo. ( Mateyu 26:17-20 )

Ndipo a tsiku loyamba la mikate yopanda chotupitsa, pamene amapha Paskha, wophunzira ake adanena kwa Iye, Mufuna tipite kuti tikakonze kuti mukadye Paskha? ( Marko 14:12 )

Kenako kunabwera tsiku la mikate yopanda chotupitsa, pamene ayenera kupha Paskha. Ndipo anatumiza Petro ndi Yohane, nati, Pitani mutikonzere ife Paskha, kuti tidye. ( Luka 22:7 )

Malinga ndi Mauthenga Abwino atatuwa, Yesu akulamula ophunzira ake kuti aphe Iye ndi ophunzira ake Paskha pa tsiku lomwe Ayuda onse anapha ana awo a Pasika. Chifukwa chake, Yesu adadyadi Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha ndi ophunzira pa tsiku lomwelo pamene Ayuda ena onse anadya Paskha wawo, ndipo limenelo linali Lachinayi madzulo, chiyambi cha Ayuda cha kupachikidwa pa Lachisanu. Pano tikuchita ndi kusagwirizana koonekeratu m’kumvetsetsa kwathu kuti imfa ya Yesu pamtanda inali yophiphiritsira ya Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha, chifukwa ophunzira anali kukonza Paskha madzulo a tsiku la kupachikidwa kwa Yesu. Ngati mukulingalira izi, mukupita mofulumira mu skid. Ndipo simuli nokha!

Adventist Bible Commentary yathu imavomerezanso kuti ili ndi vuto lomwe lili m’Dziko Lonse Lachikristu ndipo ladzetsa chisokonezo, ndi kuti Mauthenga Abwino Oyambirirawo mwachiwonekere amatsutsana ndi Uthenga Wabwino wa Yohane:

Ndimo naturutsa Yesu kwa Kayafa ku nyumba ya woweruza : ndimo kunali mamawa ; ndipo iwo okha sanalowa m’nyumba ya chiweruzo, kuti angadetsedwe; koma kuti akakhoze idyani Paskha. (John 18: 28)

Ndimo ntawi Pilato anamva mau’wo, anaturutsa Yesu, nakhala pansi pa mpando woweruza, pa malo dzina lonenedwa Bwalo la miyala, koma m’Cihebri, Gabata. Ndipo anali kukonzekera Paskha, ndi monga ola lachisanu ndi chimodzi : ndimo anena kwa Ayuda, Ona, Mfumu yanu! ( Yohane 19:13-14 )

Kumeneku kunali kutsutsana koonekeratu kotani nanga kwa Mauthenga Abwino atatu oyambirira! Yesu kumeneko akudya ndi ophunzira ake Paskha madzulo a kupachikidwa kwake ndi Ayuda ena onse kudya pambuyo kupachikidwa kwake! Kodi zonsezi zingatheke bwanji?

Chinthu chokha chimene tingachione bwino lomwe kuchokera kwa Yohane ndi chimenecho Yesu anafa pa tsiku lokonzekera ndipo mosakayikira ili ndi Lachisanu.

Ayuda chotero, chifukwa izo zinali kukonzekera, kuti matupi asakhale pa mtanda pa tsiku la sabata(pakuti tsiku la Sabata linali lalikuru,) adapempha Pilato kuti miyendo yawo ithyoledwe, ndi kuti achotsedwe. ( Yohane 19:31 )

Pamenepo adayika Yesu chifukwa cha iye tsiku lokonzekera la Ayuda; pakuti manda ali pafupi. ( Yohane 19:42 )

Chonde, nthawi zonse tizikumbukira izi. Izi zakhazikitsidwa momveka bwino. Aliyense amene akufuna kuchotsa zimenezi ayenera kupirira chinenezo chakuti akulankhula motsutsana ndi Baibulo.

Koma tsopano zochulukirapo zikusokonekera! Chifukwa chakuti, Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha ankaphedwa m’kachisi mokha ndipo nthawi yake inali yodziwika. Umenewu unali masana kuti adye nkhosayo dzuŵa litaloŵa. Ophunzirawo anayenera kuumamatira. Mogwirizana ndi Mishna ( Pesahim 5:1 ) panali lamulo lapadera ngati kuphedwa kwa Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha kunachitika Lachisanu (tsiku lokonzekera). Lamuloli liyenera kutipweteketsa mutu kwambiri ngati tikhulupirira kuti imfa ya Yesu pamtanda inachitika pa ola lachisanu ndi chinayi Lachisanu monga choyimira cha nsembe ya tsiku ndi tsiku , chifukwa limanena kuti ngati tsiku la Paskha lisanafike tsiku lotsatira Sabata (Lachisanu), nsembe ya tsiku ndi tsiku inayenera kuphedwa pakati pa 12:30 ndi 1:30 pm osati pa ola lachisanu ndi chinayi!

Zisokonezo zambiri ndipo tikudziwa yemwe atate wa chisokonezo chonse ndi: Satana!

Chovuta

“Akatswiri” athu a ku BRI ndi alembi a Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary azindikira vutolo, ndipo mu Note 1 ya mawu owonjezera a Chaputala 26 cha Mateyu, Voliyumu 5 pamasamba 532-537 a Baibulo lachingelezi, tingawerenge kuti akatswiri onse a m’Dziko Lonse Lachikristu akufufuza yankho pachabe. Sakudziŵa mmene angafotokozere kusiyana koonekeratu kumeneku pakati pa Mauthenga Abwino. Izi zilidi zokondweretsa adani a miyoyo ndi osunga Sabata omwe amatipatsa yankho lawo ngati kuti akuponya njira yopulumukira. Amatitsutsa monyanyira pa imodzi mwamasamba awo omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi anthu masauzande ambiri omwe amalembedwa makamaka kuchokera kwa omwe kale anali a Adventist (WorldsLastChance), akulonjeza ndalama zokwana madola milioni imodzi kwa amene angatsimikizire kuchokera m’Baibulo kuti Ayuda ankasunga Sabata la tsiku lachisanu ndi chiŵiri pa tsiku lina osati masabata awo a mwezi. Sindikudziwa, abwenzi okondedwa, momwe mukuwonera izi, koma ine muutumiki wanga waung'ono wa munthu mmodzi ndiribe ndalama zokwanira kupereka mphotho zofanana. Ndi okhawo omwe alibe chidwi chachikhristu, samazindikira kuti mdani ali kumbuyo kwa mawebusayiti otere. Ndithudi, iwo analandira kulongosoledwa kwa mwezi kwa vuto la Paskha aŵiri kuchokera kwa “Grace Amadon” kachiwiri kuchokera ku dziko la pansi, koma yankho lenileni ‘linangonyalanyazidwa’nso chifukwa cha kusoweka kwa phunziro la Baibulo.

Inde, Aisrayeli anali ndi kalendala yozikidwa pa magawo a mwezi, ndipo zikondwerero zawo zamwambo zinazikidwa pa kalendala imeneyi. Izi zinali ndi cholinga chenicheni. Tikudziwa kuchokera pa Akolose 2:16-17, kuti masabata otchulidwa pamenepo anali “mthunzi wa zinthu zirinkudza”. Kodi mtumwi Paulo ananena chiyani pamenepa? Iye akutsindika pamenepo kuti masabata okhudzana ndi mwezi (sabata lamthunzi) sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi Sabata la tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri, chifukwa ngati sichoncho, lamulo lachinayi likanakhomeredwa pamtanda pamodzi ndi Yesu, ndipo ngakhale osunga Sabata sakanakhala ndi mikangano yambiri pa masabata awo a mwezi, ndipo tikhoza kusiya kusunga Sabata kwathunthu. Komabe, satha kufotokoza chifukwa chake Paulo akunena mosapita m’mbali kuti masabata a mwezi ali mithunzi, kapena maulosi, a zinthu zimene zirinkudza. Iwo amangonyalanyaza chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri chaulosi ichi chochokera kwa mtumwi, pamodzi ndi mavuto amene chimawabweretsera.

Chotero, kodi cholinga cha masabata a mwezi ndi mapwando chinali chiyani? Pamene timvetsetsa bwino za zikondwelelo za Ayuda, m’pamenenso tidzaona colinga ca mapwando onsewa, amene anali odalilika pa mwezi. Iwo ayenera—monga momwe mtumwiyo akupitirizira—kuchitira chithunzi “thupi la Kristu” kapena kulosera zochitika zimene zimazungulira dongosolo la Kristu la chipulumutso cha anthu. Panali kukwaniritsidwa kwina kwa “sabata lamthunzi” limeneli m’mapwando a masika pakudza koyamba kwa Yesu. Izi ziyenera kuwonetsedwa posachedwa momveka bwino, mokhazikika, komanso mosatsutsika. Madyerero ena, komabe, sanakwaniritsidwe, ndipo amenewo adzakhala mbali ya nkhani zovuta za gawo lachitatu.

Kuyesera Kufotokozera

Pobwerera kwa madokotala a Adventist, akatswiri a maphunziro a zaumulungu, ndi akatswiri amene anatipatsa ife chilongosoledwe chatsatanetsatane cha vuto la Paskha aŵiri mu Bible Commentary, tikupeza zitsanzo zinayi zolongosolera zosiyana zogwiritsiridwa ntchito m’Dziko Lachikristu, zimene zimayesa kufotokoza kusiyana kowonekera m’Mauthenga Abwino:

1. Chitsanzo chimodzi chimanena kuti chakudya cha Paskha, chomwe chinalinso mgonero womaliza wa Yesu ndi ophunzira ake. Yesu anakonza zoti pakhale mwambo wa Pasika “wotsogola”. Malinga ndi kulongosoledwa kumeneku, Nissan 14 ikanakhala Lachisanu ndipo Paskha wotchulidwa ndi Yohane akanakhala woona. Mtsutso wotsutsa ndi woti posanthula mosamalitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mawu kwa olemba Mauthenga Abwino a Synoptic, izi zitha kuwonedwa ngati zabodza. Tizikumbukiranso kuti: Yesu anali Myuda, anali woyambitsa chipembedzo chachiyuda, ndipo ankasunga malamulo amene Iye mwiniyo anapereka. Iye anadza kudzakwaniritsa chilamulo, osati kuchiwononga. Ndi Iye mwini amene analankhula ndi Mose ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito zophiphiritsa za pa Eksodo ndi amene anapereka kwa Mose mu Levitiko 23 malangizo a mmene zikondwererozo ziyenera kuchitikira. Nanga n’cifukwa ciani ayenela kuphwanya malangizo Ake? Chifukwa chake, ngakhale akatswiri athu a Adventist amatsutsa njira yoyesera iyi ku vutolo, ndipo nthawi ino ndikugwirizana nawo.

2. Mtsutso wotsutsana ndendende ndi kuti Paskha wa Yohane sanali Paskha wowona, koma chakudya chamwambo chimene chinatsagana ndi phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa.. Malinga ndi kufotokozera uku, Lachisanu likanakhala Nissan 15 ndi mgonero wa usiku usanachitike chikondwerero cha Paskha pa nthawi yoikidwiratu. Tiona kuti kufotokoza kumeneku kuli ndi choonadi chapamwamba, koma kumaphatikizapo kulakwitsa koopsa zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa, kuti zonse zigwirizane. Olemba ndemanga yathu ya Baibulo amanena momveka bwino maganizo awo pa chiphunzitsochi kuti kungasonyezedwe m’zolemba za Josephus kuti liwu lakuti “Paskha” m’lingaliro lophiphiritsira linagwiritsiridwa ntchito ku maholide onse 8 (Paskha ndi masiku asanu ndi aŵiri a phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa) panthaŵiyi. Conco, ‘kudya Paskha’ wocokela pa Yohane 18:28 kukanagwilitsidwa nchito pa tsiku lina lililonse la madyelo a mkate wopanda cofufumitsa ndipo sikunafunike kutanthauzidwa kuti linali tsiku lenileni la Pasika.. Tiona kuti zinalidi choncho.

Cholakwa chachikulu chomwe ndatchulacho chimabwera ngati tiyesa kugwirizanitsa kuuka kwa Yesu monga choyimira cha nsembe yoweyula ya mtolo woweyula wa Levitiko 23.

+ Iye aziweyula mtolowo pamaso pa Yehova, + kuti akulandiridweni. m'mawa mwake pambuyo pa sabata wansembe aweyule. ( Levitiko 23:11 )

Sabata, lomwe limatchedwa sabata m'vesili, likunena za tsiku loyamba la phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa mavesi angapo m'mbuyomo. Ili linali sabata lamwambo ngakhale linali tsiku liti. Kuyambira pano, nditcha izi a mthunzi wa sabata malinga ndi Akolose 2:16-17 . Chotero sabata lamthunzi ndilo sabata lamwambo limene linaperekedwa ndi malangizo a tsiku la phwando lochokera kwa Yehova ndipo likhoza kuchitika pa tsiku lirilonse la mlungu.

Pa tsiku loyamba [ya phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa] muzikhala nako kusonkhana kopatulika; musamacita nchito ya masiku onse. ( Levitiko 23:7 )

Chotero, ngati kupachikidwa Lachisanu kukanakhala kale pa Nissan 15, mtolo wa zipatso zoyamba unayenera kuweyulidwa pa Sabata la tsiku lachisanu ndi chiŵiri (Loweruka) ndipo chotero chofanizira cha chiukiriro cha Yesu sichikanagwera pa tsiku loyamba la mlungu (Lamlungu) monga momwe mavesi ena a Baibulo amanenera (monga Marko 16:2). Ndikudziwa, zonsezi zikuwoneka zosokoneza, koma osadandaula, simuli nokha. Dziko lonse lachikhristu lasokonezeka osati inu nokha.

Ndipo ndikuvomereza mosabisa kuti ndinali wa gulu lomwelo! Komabe, ndimaphunzira m'njira zotsatirazi. Nthawi zonse ndimapemphera ndisanatsegule Bukhu la mabuku, ndipo ndikafika pagawo lomwe sindikumvetsetsa, ndimapita kupemphero. Nthawi zambiri, ndimagona m'pemphero pamutu wankhani ndipo ndikadzuka m'mawa, Ambuye amandipatsa yankho kapena lingaliro kuti ndipeze yankho m'malingaliro mwanga. Kenako, ndimamutamanda ndikuyamba kuphunzira gawolo mwatsopano, komanso mwatsatanetsatane, ndikuwona modabwa momwe zonse zimayenderana mwadzidzidzi. Inenso ndine wantchito wamba komanso wasayansi wamakompyuta. Sindikanatha kuthetsa ndekha nkhani zazikulu ndi zotsutsana ngati zimenezi ngati Mulungu sangandipatse zonsezo. Ulemerero wonse ngwa Iye. Chilichonse chimene mukuwerenga apa ndi kudzera mwa Mzimu Wake Woyera.

3. Njira yachitatu ikuganizira mfundo yakuti Yesu mwina sakanaphwanya malamulo ake. kunena kuti Mgonero wa Ambuye wofotokozedwa m'Mauthenga Abwino Oyambirira ukanakhala Mgonero Womaliza wolondola. Koma ikunena kuti idasungidwa ndi Yesu ndi ophunzira ake, pamene Ayuda ena sanamvetse malangizo a Levitiko 23 nasunga Paskha pa tsiku lolakwika (tsiku lotsatira). Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwambo wolakwika udalowanso. Apanso, pali mfundo zina za chowonadi, monga momwe amayesera kufotokozera, koma palibe amene angagwirizanitse zonse chifukwa timangokumana ndi vuto lina. Mwanjira imeneyi, Lachisanu likanakhala la Nissan 14.

Tikudziwa kuchokera mu Mishna ( Pesahim 5, 5-7 ) kuti nkhosa ya Paskha inayenera kuphedwa m’kachisi ndipo izi zinali zotheka kokha pa deti loikidwiratu (ndipo aliyense amalingalira kuti limeneli linali Nissan 14). Palibe aliyense, ngakhale ophunzira a Yesu, amene akanatha kubwera tsiku lina kukachisi kukapha ndi kukonza nkhosa yawo ya Paskha. Iwo akanathamangitsidwa m’kachisi. Popenda njira imeneyi, Bible Commentary yathu ikufotokoza (Voliyumu 5, p. 536):

Mwachiwonekere ophunzirawo anazindikira Lachinayi kukhala tsiku limene zokonzekera Paskha ziyenera kuchitidwa moyenerera, m’chaka cha kupachikidwa pa mtanda (onani Mat. 26:17, Luka 22:7 ), ndipo zikuoneka kuti anazitenga mopepuka kuti Lachinayi usiku inali nthaŵi yoyenera kudya chakudya cha paskha. Kaya nkhaniyo inali kukambitsirana ndipo Yesu anali atawadziŵitsa kuti nthaŵi ya chikondwerero idzakhala yosiyana ndi kubwera Lachinayi osati Lachisanu usiku, kapena kaya iwo amalingalira kuti usiku wa Lachinayi unali nthaŵi yachikondwererocho, sitikuuzidwa. Olemba mawu oyambilirawo sanalankhule chilichonse chosagwirizana ndi kudya kwa Paskha pa Lachinayi usiku ndi Yesu ndi ophunzira ake.

Ndi njira iyi, timakhalanso ndi vuto la nsembe ya mtolo woweyula, ndipo nthawi ino imachokera ku mawonekedwe a typological. Othirira ndemanga athu a Baibulo ananyalanyaza zimenezi kotheratu. Ngati Yesu ndi ophunzira ake anadya Mwanawankhosa wa Paskha Lachinayi madzulo (madzulo kufikira Lachisanu), Lachinayi liyenera kukhala linali Nissan 14 pamene mwanawankhosa anayenera kuphedwa. Izi zikanapangitsa Lachisanu kukhala tsiku loyamba la phwando la mkate wopanda chotupitsa ndi sabata lamthunzi, ndipo mtolo wa zipatso zoyamba uyenera kuweyulidwa Loweruka (sabata la tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri). Chotero, Loweruka likanakhala Nissan 16. Monga momwe mtolo woweyula ukuimira kuukitsidwa kwa Yesu, Ambuye akanalephera kukwaniritsa chofananacho. Patsikuli, Yesu anatsimikiziridwa kuti anali m’manda ndipo anapumula ku ntchito zake. Ngati Iye akanasunga Paskha molondola ndipo akadakwaniritsa choyimira ichi (chophiphiritsira chinali chiyani?), ndiye ndi mafikidwe awa Iye sakanakhoza kukwaniritsa mtundu wa nsembe yoweyula ya mtolo woweyula pa tsiku loyamba la sabata ndi chiukitsiro Chake. Kodi mukukhulupirirabe kuti tikhoza kuthetsa mavuto onsewa?

4. Njira yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yomwe imasonyeza kukula kwa mavuto a kumvetsa kalendala ya Mulungu panthawiyo, imati mu nthawi ya Khristu, panali kale mavuto. magulu achipembedzo osiyanasiyana amene anali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana a malamulo a chikondwererocho. Chotero, Akristu ena anafika ponena kuti n’kutheka kuti maphwando awiri osiyana a Paskha anasungidwa. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti panali gulu lina limene linkaganiza kuti Lachinayi linali Nisani 14, pamene ena ankaona Lachisanu ngati Nisani 14. Choncho, Yesu ayenera kuti anachita Paskha ndi Ayuda (Afarisi) “osunga mwambo” Lachinayi ndipo atsogoleri achiyuda (Asaduki) “omasuka” anachita chikondwerero cha Paskha usiku wina, womwe ndi Paskha wa Yohane.

Njirayi imabweretsa vuto la nsembe ya mtolo woweyula kachiwiri, monga tafotokozera kawiri kale. Ngati Yesu anakondwerera Paskha “wolondola” ndi ophunzira ake Lachinayi madzulo, akanauka pa tsiku “lolondola” la nsembe yoweyula ya mtolo, ndipo limenelo likanakhala Loweruka osati Lamlungu. Apanso, izi sizinatchulidwe mu Bible Commentary, zomwe mulimonse momwemo sizimachita zambiri ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa Yesu kwa mitundu iyi-zomwe zikuwoneka kwa ine zachilendo kwa Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary.

"Mapeto" patsamba 537 ndi zotsatira zofananira:

Tili ndi chitsanzo chimodzi apa pamene kusazindikira kwathu machitidwe akale achiyuda kumawoneka ngati chifukwa cholephera kugwirizanitsa mawu owoneka ngati otsutsana a Yohane ndi Synoptics.

Olemba a Bible Commentary akupitiriza, kunena kuti "popanda kuvomereza chimodzi mwa mafotokozedwe anayiwa", tsopano akupereka ndondomeko yawoyawo. Mwachidule, malingaliro awa mu Bible Commentary ndi awa:

a. Panali madyerero aŵiri a Paskha, ozikidwa pa mikangano yachipembedzo pakati pa Ayuda.

b. Pa Lachinayi madzulo, Yesu anakondwerera Mgonero Womaliza ndi chakudya cha Paskha moyenerera ndi ophunzira pakuloŵa kwa dzuŵa m’maola oyambirira a Nissan 14, ndipo ichi chinali chikondwerero chenicheni cha Paskha.

c. Yesu anafa panthaŵi ya nsembe yamadzulo ndi kupha ana a nkhosa a Paskha Lachisanu, Nissan 14.

d. M’chaka cha kupachikidwa pa mtanda, chikondwerero chovomerezeka cha Paskha chinali Lachisanu usiku pambuyo pa kupachikidwa.

e. Yesu anapumula m’manda pa Sabata la tsiku lachisanu ndi chiŵiri, limene m’chaka chino linali limodzi ndi sabata lamwambo la Nisani 15, tsiku loyamba la mkate wopanda chotupitsa.

f. Yesu anauka m’manda m’maŵa Lamlungu m’maŵa, pa Nisani 16, tsiku limene mtolo woweyula unafunika kuŵeyulidwa m’kachisi, umene unaimila ciukililo.

Ndipo pamapeto pa "mapeto" awa akuti:

Mwachimwemwe, sikofunikira kuthetsa vuto limeneli kuti tipeze chipulumutso kudzera mwa “Kristu Paskha wathu,” amene ‘anaperekedwa nsembe m’malo mwathu. ( 1 Akor. 5:7 ).

M’nkhani yotsatira, ndidzakusonyezani amene ali wolondola ndi pamlingo wotani. Ndidzasonyeza kuti panalibe chikondwerero chowirikiza cha Paskha. Ine ndisonyeza izo Ayuda onse ndipo ngakhale Yesu pamodzi ndi ophunzira ake anachita phwando la Paskha Lachinayi madzulo mogwirizana ndi kumasulira koyenera kwa mtundu wa Baibulo. Ndasonyeza kale kuti Yesu anafa pamtanda Lachisanu, May 25, 31 AD pa ola lachisanu ndi chinayi, koma tsopano ndisonyeza kuti limeneli linalidi Nissan 14 osati Nissan 15, monga momwe ambiri amanenera. Ndiwonetsa kuti Lachisanu madzulo palibe chikondwerero chovomerezeka cha Paskha chomwe chinachitika komanso kuti mayankho a BRI Bible Commentary ndi olakwika kwambiri, komanso mayankho anayi achikhristu omwe adapangidwa kale. Nthawi zonse zimakhala zolondola, koma cholakwika chimakhalabe chomwe sichinathe kuthetsedwa. Ndiwonetsa momwe zingathere kuti ngakhale zotsutsana zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, mfundo e ndi f zakwaniritsidwa ndendende, ndi momwe Paskha awiri ndi vuto la mtolo woweyula lingathetsedwe.

Ndipo sindimagwirizana kwathunthu ndi olemba ndemanga kuti sikofunikira kupeza njira yothetsera mavutowa, ndipo ndikufuna kunenanso kwa Ellen G. White, yemwe anati:

Zikadakhala zofunikira kuti mpingo wake mu mibado yonse yotsatira upangitse imfa yake chifukwa cha machimo adziko lapansi kukhala phunziro lozama ndi kuphunzira. Mfundo iliyonse yokhudzana ndi izi iyenera kutsimikiziridwa mosakayikira. {Wolemba DA 571.2}

Ngati sitidziŵa zimene zinachitika panthaŵiyo, sitikanatha kutsutsa osunga Sabata a mwezi ndi chiphunzitso chawo chauchiŵanda, kapenanso Ayuda amene amanena kuti Mauthenga Abwino athu ali odzala ndi zotsutsana. Chotero, kukaikira kumene kudabzalidwa mwa ife kudzauka tsiku lina, ndipo tikanasiya njira ya kumoyo. Palibe amene amapulumutsidwa ndi chidziwitso ichi, koma mapazi athu ayenera kukhazikika pa maziko olimba kuti tisakokedwe ndi mkuntho womwe ukubwera.

Kuphunzira kobvuta kovomerezeka kumeneku kuli ndi dalitso lapadera kwa iwo amene amapirira mpaka mapeto: kumvetsetsa kotheratu kwa tanthauzo la maholide Achiyuda, kukwaniritsidwa kwawo kwakale ndi kwamtsogolo m’mbiri yonse ya anthu a Advent kuyambira m’masiku ake oyambirira kufikira pamene analoŵa mu ulemerero wa Kanani wakumwamba, chifukwa "Momwemonso zoimira zomwe zikukhudzana ndi kudza kwachiwiri ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa pa nthawi yosonyezedwa mu utumiki wophiphiritsa." {GC 399.3}

Chonde werenganibe pa Mithunzi ya Mtanda - Gawo II...

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